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Concept

BB84 protocol

The image illustrates the BB84 protocol, a foundational quantum key distribution scheme proposed by Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984, featuring a central circle with radiating lines and illuminated nodes symbolizing the exchange of polarized photons between two parties.

The first quantum key distribution scheme, proposed by Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984. Two parties exchange single photons polarised along randomly chosen bases; any eavesdropper unavoidably disturbs the photons in a way that shows up as errors in the shared key. BB84 is the workhorse of commercial quantum cryptography and the ancestor of every later entanglement-based protocol.

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