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Concept

DNA polymerase

A translucent representation of a DNA double helix is shown against a dark background, with small particles floating around it, symbolizing the concept of DNA polymerase synthesis.

The enzyme family that synthesises DNA by adding nucleotides to a growing strand, using a template strand as a guide. Discovered in 1956 by Arthur Kornberg, who isolated it from E. coli and won the Nobel Prize three years later. Humans have at least fifteen polymerases with specialised roles in replication, repair, and translesion synthesis.

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