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Concept

E. coli

A circular arrangement of E. coli bacteria with a central rod-like structure and radiating appendages, set against a dark background.

A species of rod-shaped coliform bacterium naturally found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Due to its rapid growth rate and well-mapped genetics, it serves as a foundational workhorse in synthetic biology. Researchers routinely engineer it to manufacture recombinant proteins, synthetic human insulin, and experimental biomaterials.

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