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Person

James Clerk Maxwell

A man with gray hair and a full beard, dressed in formal attire with a white cravat, stands against a dark background.

Scottish physicist (1831–1879) whose four equations, published in their mature form in 1865, unified electricity, magnetism, and light into a single theory of electromagnetic fields. The equations predicted that disturbances in the field propagate at the speed of light, implying light itself was such a disturbance. Einstein kept a photograph of Maxwell on his study wall.

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