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Concept

special relativity

A circular diagram with concentric rings and numerical markings illustrates concepts related to special relativity, set against a backdrop of misty clouds.

Einstein's 1905 theory, built on two postulates: that the laws of physics are the same in every inertial reference frame, and that the speed of light is the same for every observer regardless of their motion. The consequences are unintuitive. Moving clocks tick slower, moving rulers shrink along the direction of travel, and simultaneity is not absolute. The theory underlies particle accelerators, nuclear energy and satellite navigation.

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